Infrastructures and SubsystemsA self-contained and identifiable part of a larger System, o... that support the systematic operational alignment of both UtilityA generic term that may be used by Customers to describe one... and non-Utility assets as Power SystemsA critical societal System that, in the case of GW-scale gri... move from hundreds to tens of millions of participating Energy ResourcesA universal term for all technologies that provide one or se.... In an operational context characterised by greater VolatilityThe propensity of rapid and/or unpredictable change, especia..., advanced Operational CoordinationThe systematic operational alignment of Utility assets and n... is essential for safe, secure and efficient Power System operation in a manner that has a high level of ResilienceThe ability of the Power System to avoid or withstand stress..., ScalabilityAn architectural characteristic that takes the future scale ... and ExtensibilityAn architectural characteristic that takes the future extens....
A sample of conventional and emerging examples include:
- Market/System Operator (MSO)An entity that combines the functions of the Market Operator... exerts control over Energy Resources participating in the Wholesale MarketA primary market where Electricity is bought and sold in lar... by sending Dispatch InstructionsInstructions issued by the Market/System Operator (MSO), Dis... and basepoints to secure necessary services.
- MSO exerts control over the Transmission NetworkThe High Voltage (HV) network that transports Power over lon... in response to a constraint or contingency to preserve System SecurityThe ability to continue operating the Power System within de... and ReliabilityThe degree to which electric service that meets applicable u....
- AggregatorsAn Entity that brings together and Orchestrates a fleet of E... provide the MSO and Distribution System Operator (DSO)A future-oriented set of capabilities required in a high-CER... resource availability forecasts for EnergyElectrical Energy is the product of electrical Power and tim... Resources.
- The MSO and DSO conjointly manage their respective sides of the Transmission-Distribution Interfaces (TDI)The physical point(s) at which the upstream Bulk Power Syste... due to the growing dependence on Energy Resources located on both sides of the TDI.
- Aggregators orchestrate contracted Distributed Energy Resources (DER)A diverse range of small to medium scale Energy Resources th... in response to the various market structures for procuring the Electric ProductsThe valuable physics-based services that may be provided to ... required by different Tiers/LayersThe vertical layers of a GW-scale Power System including the... of the system.
Advanced Operational Coordination models are ultimately required to enable the transition to a more holistic Transmission-Distribution-Customer (TDC) model of system coordination.