Polarised positions that assert the OrchestrationThe coordination of dispatchable Energy Resources, includi... of Distributed Energy Resources (DER)A diverse range of small to medium scale Energy Resources th... must be largely or entirely achieved via technological control or economic incentives.
For example, a market economics view may assert that establishing the right market rules and prices will be sufficient. By contrast, a control engineering perspective may assert that establishing the right standards, protocols and optimisation equations will be sufficient.
This is a false dichotomy as elements of both markets and controls are necessary for a holistic approach to Operational CoordinationThe systematic operational alignment of Utility assets and n... where a Power SystemA critical societal System that, in the case of GW-scale gri... hosts millions of participating Energy ResourcesA universal term for all technologies that provide one or se.... For example:
a) Well-designed markets operate as excellent sensors (of market participant capabilities and intentions) and optimisation engines;
b) Technical controls are required as markets alone cannot address high speed Power System dynamics; and,
c) Beyond compliance with basic connection requirements, financial incentives will be required to induce millions of privately-owned DER/CER to provide beneficial Electric ProductsThe valuable physics-based services that may be provided to ... to the Power System.