Market/System Operators (MSOAn entity that combines the functions of the Market Operator...), Network ProvidersA generic term for the entity that designs, operates and mai... and Energy RetailersAn entity that trades wholesale and other Energy services as... require a high level confidence that Energy ResourcesA universal term for all technologies that provide one or se... will available when required by the Power SystemA critical societal System that, in the case of GW-scale gri....
The firmness of an EnergyElectrical Energy is the product of electrical Power and tim... Resource relates to its ability to confirm and deliver its Energy availability. For example, how long can the Energy Resource provide a requested amount of Energy once dispatched? How far in advance can the Energy be guaranteed for delivery by the Energy Resource? In the case of Variable Renewable Energy (VRE)A generic term for Generation Plant that are powered by rene..., this may involve probabilistic quantification.
Firmness also relates to whether a resource is dependable or prone to technical failures.