Various means of storing energy, either directly or indirectly, and either at centralised locations or widely distributed across a Power SystemA critical societal System that, in the case of GW-scale gri.... The numerous types of EnergyElectrical Energy is the product of electrical Power and tim... Storage can provide system services across different time horizons. These include:
- Shallow storage / Provision of Essential System Services (< 4-hours);
- Medium storage / Intraday shifting (4 – 12-hours); and,
- Deep storage / Renewable energy drought (> 12-hours).
Direct forms of Energy Storage such as Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS)An electrochemical Energy Storage (ES) device that stores th... and Power Capacitors are those where electrical enters the storage device and is retrieved as electrical energy.
Indirect forms of Energy Storage convert electric energy into thermal, rotational or potential energy. This may include Pumped HydroA type of Hydroelectric Generation Plant where two water res... (pumping of water to elevated storage), the pre-heating or pre-chilling of bulk water or glycol and/or the pre-cooling of a building envelope.